Get Started With MongoDB Basic Shell Commands MongoSH

Here are some essential (mongosh) (MongoDB Shell) commands, categorized for easy understanding.

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MongoDB Shell (mongosh) Commands

1. Connecting to MongoDB

mongosh            # Connect to MongoDB locally
mongosh "mongodb://localhost:27017"   # Connect to a specific host and port
mongosh "mongodb+srv://username:password@cluster.mongodb.net/dbname"   # Connect to a remote database

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2. Database Operations

show dbs               # List all databases
use myDatabase         # Switch to (or create) a database
db                     # Show the current database
db.dropDatabase()      # Delete the current database

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3. Collection Operations

show collections       # List all collections in the database
db.createCollection("users")  # Create a new collection
db.users.drop()        # Delete a collection

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4. Insert Documents

db.users.insertOne({ name: "John", age: 25 })  # Insert a single document
db.users.insertMany([{ name: "Alice", age: 22 }, { name: "Bob", age: 30 }])  # Insert multiple documents

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5. Query Documents

db.users.find()        # Retrieve all documents
db.users.find().pretty()  # Format the output nicely
db.users.find({ name: "John" })  # Find documents with a specific name
db.users.findOne({ age: 25 })  # Retrieve one matching document
db.users.find({ age: { $gt: 20 } })  # Find users with age greater than 20

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6. Update Documents

db.users.updateOne({ name: "John" }, { $set: { age: 26 } })  # Update one document
db.users.updateMany({ age: { $lt: 30 } }, { $set: { status: "young" } })  # Update multiple documents
db.users.replaceOne({ name: "John" }, { name: "John Doe", age: 26 })  # Replace a document completely

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7. Delete Documents

db.users.deleteOne({ name: "John" })  # Delete one document
db.users.deleteMany({ age: { $lt: 18 } })  # Delete multiple documents

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8. Indexing

db.users.createIndex({ name: 1 })  # Create an ascending index on "name"
db.users.getIndexes()  # Show all indexes
db.users.dropIndex("name_1")  # Drop an index

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9. Aggregation

db.users.aggregate([
  { $match: { age: { $gt: 20 } } },
  { $group: { _id: "$status", count: { $sum: 1 } } }
])

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10. User & Role Management

db.createUser({
  user: "admin",
  pwd: "password123",
  roles: [{ role: "readWrite", db: "myDatabase" }]
})
db.getUsers()  # List all users
db.dropUser("admin")  # Delete a user

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11. Backup & Restore

mongodump --db=myDatabase --out=/backup  # Backup database
mongorestore --db=myDatabase /backup/myDatabase  # Restore database

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12. Exiting the Shell

exit     # Exit mongosh

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This covers most of the essential mongosh commands. Let me know if you need anything specific! 🚀